what is heavy duty crane truck and how a truck mounted crane works ?

A heavy-duty crane truck is a type of vehicle that combines the functionality of a mobile crane and a truck, allowing it to transport and lift heavy loads. It features a powerful crane mounted on a truck chassis, enabling it to lift, carry, and move large or heavy items at construction sites, industrial facilities, or on roadways. These cranes are typically designed for tasks that require both mobility and lifting capacity, such as moving heavy machinery, materials, or structural components.

A heavy - duty crane truck also called truck mounted crane , crane truck , mobile crane truck , lorry-mounted crane , truck crane , articulating crane truck , hiab crane truck , heavy lift truck and boom truck crane etc.

A heavy -duty crane truck ranges from 30 T to 180 T , composed of chassis and the crane .

Key Characteristics:

1. Lifting Capacity: Heavy-duty crane trucks are capable of lifting heavy loads, typically ranging from 60 tons to 180 tons, depending on the model.

2. Hydraulic Boom: The crane’s boom is usually hydraulically operated, which allows for extension, articulation, and precise lifting operations.

3. Mobility: Unlike stationary cranes, these vehicles are mounted on truck chassis, making them mobile and able to move between job sites without the need for additional transport.

4. Versatility: They are used across various industries, including construction, oil and gas, mining, shipbuilding, and heavy equipment transport.

5. Stabilization: Outriggers and stabilizers are often deployed to prevent tipping during lifting operations, ensuring safety and stability.

Heavy-lift crane trucks are essential for projects that require both lifting heavy materials and transporting them across distances, offering flexibility and efficiency in challenging work environments.

A lorry crane truck combines a powerful crane with a truck chassis, allowing it to lift and move heavy loads while being mobile. These trucks are typically used in construction, shipping, and industrial settings where heavy lifting is required in locations that may not have permanent cranes or lifting infrastructure. Here's how a mobile crane truck generally works:

1. Truck Chassis

· Base of Operation: The crane is mounted on the truck's chassis, which provides the necessary mobility and stability. The truck chassis can either be a standard truck or a specialized one, built to support the weight and operational demands of the crane.

· Power Source: The truck's engine usually powers the crane, either directly through a hydraulic system or indirectly by generating electricity for an electric crane motor. Some trucks have separate engines for the crane and the truck itself.

2. Crane Boom and Arm

· Boom: The crane’s boom is the long, extendable arm that reaches out to lift objects. The boom is usually made of strong materials like steel, and it can be telescopic (extends) or articulating (has joints to change the angle).

· Hydraulics: Hydraulic systems are key to operating the crane’s boom and other components. Hydraulic cylinders lift, extend, and move the crane's boom, and they provide the necessary force to raise and lower heavy loads.

· Winch or Hook: At the end of the boom, there is typically a hook or a winch used to attach to and lift the load. The winch operates using a motor and a system of pulleys or cables to hoist heavy materials.

3. Stabilizers (Outriggers)

· Outriggers: These are extendable legs or arms on the crane truck that can be deployed to stabilize the vehicle when the crane is in operation. The outriggers spread out horizontally from the truck to the ground, providing support and preventing the truck from tipping over due to the weight of the lifted load.

· Hydraulic Jacks: Many outriggers are powered by hydraulic jacks, allowing them to extend and retract quickly, adjusting for different ground conditions.

4. Control Systems

· Operator’s Cabin: The crane operator controls the crane from within the operator’s cabin, which is often located near the truck’s cab or on a separate platform.

· Control Mechanisms: The operator uses joysticks, buttons, or levers to control the crane's movements, including the boom’s extension, angle, rotation, and lifting height. The crane’s load limits and safety features are monitored to ensure safe operation.

· Computerized Systems: Many heavy-duty crane trucks now include computerized load-sensing and stabilization systems that assist the operator in ensuring the crane is used within its safe operational limits. These systems can automatically adjust the crane’s operation based on the load, boom angle, and other factors.

5. Rotation and Mobility

· 360° Rotation: Many crane trucks allow the crane’s boom to rotate in a full circle (360 degrees) to allow for maximum flexibility when positioning the load. This is done using a turntable or slewing ring mechanism at the base of the crane.

· Truck Mobility: While the crane is designed for heavy lifting, the truck's mobility allows it to be driven to different locations. The crane may be used for onsite tasks without needing to be offloaded, making it efficient for jobs that require moving heavy equipment or materials across a construction site or even on roads.

6. Safety Features

· Load Limits: Crane trucks are equipped with load limiters that ensure the crane doesn’t lift more weight than it can safely handle. These limits are often displayed on the control panel or automatically enforced by the system.

· Tilt and Angle Sensors: Sensors monitor the angle of the truck and the boom to ensure the crane doesn’t operate in an unsafe position.

· Emergency Stops and Overrides: In case of malfunction, operators can stop all crane movements or manually override control systems.

Common Applications

· Construction: Heavy-duty crane trucks are used to lift and move large building materials, such as steel beams or concrete panels.

· Transportation: They can load and unload heavy cargo from trucks, ships, or containers.

· Infrastructure: These trucks are used for tasks like placing utility poles, moving large equipment, or assembling structures in remote or hard-to-reach locations.

Overall, the heavy-duty crane truck works by using a combination of hydraulic power, mechanical movement, and precise control systems to safely lift and move heavy loads while remaining mobile enough to be used in a variety of locations.